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The Russian Federation, commonly known as Russia, is a vast and diverse country located in both Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. With an area spanning over 17 million square kilometers, it is the largest country in the world. Russia shares borders with 14 countries and has coastlines along the Arctic and Pacific Oceans, as well as the Baltic and Black Seas.

Russia is home to a population of approximately 145 million people, making it the ninth most populous country globally. The capital city, Moscow, is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country. Other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, and Yekaterinburg. The official language is Russian, and the dominant religion is Christianity, with the Russian Orthodox Church being the largest denomination.

Rich in natural resources, Russia is a leading global exporter of oil, natural gas, metals, and minerals. Its economy is diverse, with sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture, and services playing significant roles. The country has a mixed political system, with a strong presidency and a bicameral legislature. Vladimir Putin has served as the President of Russia since 1999, with a brief period as Prime Minister from 2008 to 2012.

Russia has a rich cultural heritage, influenced by its vast territory and historical influences. It is renowned for its literature, with famous authors like Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoevsky shaping the world of literature. The country's classical music composers, such as Tchaikovsky and Rachmaninoff, have also left an indelible mark on the global music scene. Additionally, Russian architecture, art, and ballet are celebrated worldwide.